In this chapter, we consider the generic concepts of the Geographical Information System (GIS) and its role in water resources management issues. This chapter is divided into 7 sections. An overview of GIS emersion and its application in water science is provided in the first section. The second section remarks the common technical phrases and definitions in geospatial technology. The fundamental of GIS is expressed in the third section. The fourth section discusses the importance and necessity of employing GIS in water resource management. Finally, we covered the methodology of applying GIS in water management researches and discuss it through three case studies in detail in the last two sections. After studying this chapter, readers would gain an understanding of the problem solving in water resource management by the proper tools available on the GIS market.
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